Discuss The Best Option For Australia And Will Justify The...

Introduction The use of both monetary and fiscal policies has been specifically aimed at reducing inflation and implementing policies for sustained economic growth. This paper will present a discussion on the definitions of each policy while examining their role in economy. Based on the obtained insights, the paper will discuss the best option for Australia and will justify the rationale. In the end, the discussion will be given a conclusive shape in which the key learning will be summarized and future context of policy implementations will be included. Definitions of Monetary Policy As a part of the economic policy, a monetary policy has specific goals and priorities for monetary stability (stability of the purchasing power of the†¦show more content†¦Monetary policy involves two fundamental decisions(Leeper, 2013): 1) The choice of the average inflation rate and a corresponding average rate of money growth in the medium term; and 2) The choice of how to deviate from this medium to reduce the fluctuations of production in the short-term(Leeper, 2013). Definitions of Fiscal Policy Many economists have been of the opinion that fiscal policy is not only ineffective, but can even be harmful in the long-run. Fiscal policy includes all of the interventions of a responsible economic policy concerning public spending and taxes that are made to influence the level of aggregate demand of the economy(Corsetti Mà ¼ller, 2012). An expansionary fiscal policy is aimed at raising the equilibrium level of income, while a restrictive fiscal policy is normally aimed at containing inflation caused by excess aggregate demand or to contain an excessive deficit of the state budget. Keynesian theory argues that the macroeconomic effects of fiscal policy depend crucially both on the way in which it is conducted (change in spending or tax variations), and the way the public sector’s borrowing requirements (excess spending on tax revenues) are financed(DavigLeeper, 2011). Given the fact that taxes and government expenditures take a prolonged time period for materialization, fis cal policy inculcates fiscal biases, and relatively long decisional lags. Figure 1: Impact of

About Certain Abortion - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 536 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/10/10 Category Philosophy Essay Type Assignment Did you like this example? Abortion refers to the intentional removal of the fetus from it mother’s womb before its birth, that is, before the end of the expected period of the pregnancy which is nine months. The intentional abortion is well known as the induced abortion or in other words as induced miscarriage. Certain abortion refers to the case where abortion is inevitable. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "About Certain Abortion" essay for you Create order Sometimes abortion is unavoidable, like in the case where the pregnancy affects the health of the mother, the case where it is a policy of the governments, social reasons if the pregnancy may be accompanied by poor quality of life like genetic defects.in another case, abortion may be misused like in the case where people are not ready to take responsibilities. I am writing about certain Abortion should be l will strongly support that certain abortion should be legal only if it is necessary and inevitable. Firstly, certain abortion where the life of the mother is at stake is inevitable, in the case where the pregnancy is the ectopic pregnancy. This kind of a pregnancy may lead to the death of the mother since the embryo attaches itself at the oviduct. This kind of pregnancy is highly discouraged and the immediate action is to get rid of it before it even develops into a fetus. In another case where the life of the mother may be at risk is the case where the pregnancy may threaten the health of the mother, for example, the rise in the blood pressure. I argue that a mother can always give birth to another child but the chance of a child serving in the case where mother scums in the giving birth process are minimal. Secondly, abortion as a result of selfish reason like the case where the pregnancy was unplanned. Some people may take advantage of the case where abortion was made a legal right. This would go against the human ethics which regard abortion as kill an innocent child who has no say over the case. Such kind of abortion for selfish reasons may result in the death of the mother if not handled properly by following the correct methods of abortion. In addition, if abortion is done repeatedly it may course complication to the mother and at some time lead to her death. Thirdly, another reason why I support certain abortion is like for the case where the government wants to control the population in the state by developing policies. In this case, abortion is necessary in order to be able to manage the population and the available resources. In order to avoid certain abortion as a result of the government policies, the government should provide basic education or knowledge on the need to us the contraceptive as a way of birth control as well as supplying the contraceptive to the needy. In conclusion, certain abortion should be should be allowed only in the inevitable circumstances like, the case where the pregnancy affect the health of the mother and might cause her death, the case where the government wants to control the population in the state by developing policies and should ban abortion as a result of selfish reason like the case where the pregnancy was.

The Effect of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Deficiency on Rye...

Introduction Plants grow and reproduce and in order to do so they need certain resources. Both external and internal resources partly determine the plants development. Common resources are water, space and nutrient obtained from either the plant’s environment or food. They get sugar through photosynthesis using water, light, CO2 and other necessary nutrients. Plants require nutrients to build molecules so reactions can take place that are required for the plant growth, maintenance and reproduction (Rush, Gladilina and Condy 2014). These nutrients usually are taken up by the plant through their roots and leaves. Nitrogen is the most important nutrient to plants, as it is a macronutrient and needed in large amounts for plants (Rush,†¦show more content†¦The purpose of this research is to find out how nutrients, such as phosphorus and nitrogen affect plant growth. To find out how the plants are affected by growth in the different nutrient treatments. With the results found, what doe s this suggest about how people should fertilize the soil in which people grow food crops. Using the species of grass rye, the research investigates the effect of the absence of nitrogen and phosphorus. By using three different treatments, a full complement of nutrient, a full complement without the most important nutrient, Nitrogen and a full complement of Phosphorus, the length of the root and shoot and the biomass are observed and analyzed. If nitrogen was deprived from the rye seedlings growth process then the biomass, shoot length and root length will be affected more than depriving the rye seedlings from phosphorus. The null hypothesis would be, if rye was deprived the nutrient phosphorus, then it would have a larger effect on the rye seedlings shoot length, root length, and biomass than depriving the plant from nitrogen. Materials and Methods Obtain a planting container. Cut one paper towel in half, fold and place on the bottom of the container. Cut a layer of cotton to fit at the bottom of the container and place it on the paper towel. Use the other half of the paper towel, fold and place it on top of the cotton. Add 30 ml of the media solution into the container and allow the

Implementation of E-procurement software system for Museums

Question: Discuss about the Implementation of E-procurement software system for Museums Victoria. Answer: Introduction The paper reflects on the organization Victoria Museum which is one of the renowned museums in Australia. The museum is very much responsible in providing both multi venue cultural as well as educational institution and programs for both the visitors as well as for the residents of Victoria. The organization operates by manual paper based system for procurement of various goods as well as services. It is analyzed that the organization faces number of challenges due to the paper based manual systems and the problems include inefficient tracking of commitments, delay in approval of the procurement services, delay in getting signature as well as particular venues, duplication of data and inappropriate tracking system. In order to resolve the problems that generally arises due to the paper-based manual system, the organization wants to implement E-procurement software system for managing various goods as well as services. It is identified that the methodology that is utilized for making the system is PRINCE2 methodology (Gonzalez et al. 2016).It is analyzed that this methodology assists in offering easy as well as effective methods that helps in managing the work of the project appropriately. Each of the processes is illustrated with proper input as well as output in order to achieve appropriate amount of success within the organization. The paper mainly illustrates the methodology that is utilized in order to elaborate the entire project plan for implementing E-procurement system within Victoria museum. The project manager is responsible to illustrate each of the processes properly as well as effectively so that the system is developed appropriately. Selected project methodology for Victoria Museum The project implementation of e-procurement software system utilizes PRINCE2 methodology for its implementation as well as development. It helps in breaking the methodology into seven processes, which include start up phase, initiation phase, directing phase, controlling phase, managing phase, implementation phase as well as closure phase. In the start up phase, various types of details such as strategies of the company, availability of various resources, use of system as well as details about budget as well as project timelines (Karaman and Kurt 2015). Therefore, after receiving the tender, the project manager makes appropriate decisions on the development of the project that is very much dependent on the project methodology such as PRINCE2. The initiation phase helps in elaborating the project background. It is analyzed that the strategic directions that the organization undertakes include appropriate investment in various expertise, knowledge as well as collection. The Victoria mu seum also assists in directing their overall business towards digital transformation, construction of cultural capital as well as towards organizational resilience (Kerzner 2013). The project manager identifies various issues that is occurring within the museum and as a result the museum wants to implement e-procurement software system. Earlier the organization utilizes paper based manual system for procuring various types of goods as well as services and as a result faces number of issues that include inefficient tracking of commitments, delay in approval of the procurement services, delay in getting signature as well as particular venues, duplication of data and inappropriate tracking system (Krysinski and Miller 2016). In order to resolve these issues, the museum wants to implement e-procurement software system. In the initiation phase of the project, proper initiation document is created that may be utilized for generating appropriate boundaries of the project. It mainly comprises of various details that include project scope, aims, objectives, constraints, assumptions as well as dependencies. The document of the project also helps in providing detailed information about project planning, risk assessment, stakeholders analysis as well as project governance. The final part of this phase is to get proper approval in order to implement as well as develop the e-procurement software system (Marcelino et al. 2014). The proposal of the plan is achieved from the document Request to tender. It is analyzed that the RFT helps in mentioning both closing time as well as lodgement of tenders. The criterion for evaluation is mainly mentioned so that the system can easily meet various types of detailed specification as well as technologies that generally fit into the environment of museum. It is analyzed t hat all the information as well as data are kept with proper security as well as privacy in context to commercial-in-confidence. The various tenders are generally prompted but the museum is liable of the freedom of information Act 1982 and thus it is not ready to offer proper affirmation and as a result, the tender is generally kept under proper classified conditions (Martinelli and Milosevic 2016). Therefore, after the project is approved, the project manager starts their work on the project. After the completion of the project initiation phase, there is a need to direct the project. It generally grows near the purchasing strategy. Firstly, the project manager examines the needs as well as requirements of the museum. It is analyzed that before implementing the e-procurement software system it is very much important to get appropriate information about project budget, size of transactions and its type (Mir and Pinnington 2014). This project generally works on various specifications that include problem, goals as well as setting of proper project boundaries. These types of specifications are very much important as well as useful for guiding the implemented e-procurement software system. With the utilization of proper IT value sourcing framework, the various functions of the system are not specified theoretically but is mainly prcised as per the goals of the project (Saad et al. 2013). All the important details as well as specifications are illustrated into the document of t ender which is supplied to the various suppliers of e-procurement. The entire work of the project is generally controlled by organizing appropriate session for the suppliers in order to illustrate various procurement processes as well as its requirements within the museum. It is analyzed that suppliers can ask any question during the session and after then the suppliers of the project are asked to provide their project plan that is dependent on the document of tender for developing the e-procurement tool appropriately (Sanjuan and Froese 2015). Proper as well as detailed information about the e-procurement software system is generally supplied for meeting various requirements appropriately. The manager of the project is responsible of illustrating both the system architecture as well as utilization of technology. After then the technologies as well as system architectures are compared with proper virtualization of technology (Kerzner 2013). The system generally runs on latest version of the software in order to support the system appropriately. It i s analyzed that various functional requirements of the system are illustrated appropriately. A contract signed for supplying the needs of the project with the suppliers, after the project team members are found to be satisfied with the project plan. Service level agreement is needed in order to proceed with the next phase of the project. E-procurement software is provided in the product delivery stage to the e-procurement system. The suppliers mainly help in managing the products in three phases. In the initial step, a detailed as well as effective design of the system is created with the help of the e-procurement suppliers (Schwalbe 2015). The detailed design must illustrate appropriate design of the museum. The steps are also illustrated within the network of each IT system. The system helps in providing appropriate as well as detailed information including financial information for having proper integration. Proper as well as appropriate security measures must be taken for securing the application of the system properly. In the next step, various types of e-procurement tools are configured which are generally set as per the parameters of the system. After then the project suppliers helps in providing both system as well as interfaces with other systems such as financial system in context with various IT department s (Boud, Cohen and Sampson 2014). In the last phase the various tools of e-procurement are tested in order to determine that they are working properly or not. If the system is found to be appropriate enough in order to meet both the business as well as clients need then it is considered for utilization. There is unit testing which is generally used for checking various types of errors within the system. It is analyzed that system integration testing occurs generally in order to determine if the system is working properly or not (Heagney 2016). It is identified that acceptance testing generally occurs when any of the errors occurs within the system. In the implementation phase, the proposed e-procurement software system is developed as well as implemented within the victoria museum. In this procedure, all the managers, workers as well as other workers are informed about the benefits of the system (Shields and Rangarajan 2013). It is analyzed that is also important to provide information about system implementation to both the suppliers as well as to the business partners with the help of a document which assists in illustrating information about configuration as well as about installation of e-procurement system (Olson 2014). There are generally 184 workflows that are mainly needed in order to implement the e-procurement system by offering effective as well as proper cist in order to generate the individual workflows. It is very much important to train the users of the system so that they can manage the system properly without facing any problem. In addition to this, support document must also be provided so that the organizatio n can easily handle the system. The support documents mainly comprises of Australia based help desk, telephone support as well as email support.it is analyzed that a system administrator is needed in order to manage the calls properly for supporting various requests (Mir and Pinnington 2014) It is very much helpful and it mainly needed for the organization that requires various rules as well as regulation for implementing the system appropriately. The e-procurement system is evaluated effectively to the various users in the close up phase of the project. In this phase, it is very much necessary to illustrate the system that is implemented and the lessons that the project managers have learned during the entire course of the project (Schwalbe 2015). For appropriate use of the system on site training is offered to the various users of the system. After proper evaluation it is very much important to complete the entire work of the project. After analyzing the PRINCE2 methodology properly, various other requirements for the system s analyzed. It is analyzed that the museum may include either remote or cloud options for proper operation of the system. As the system can faces number of security issues it is quite important to resolve them and therefore active Directory federated services are generally integrated for keeping both data as well as information secure (Martinelli and Milosevic 2016). It is analyzed that the entire budget of the project must not exceed $150,000 and the project must be completed within the estimated time. It is analyzed that proper method of communication is used in order to resolve the problems that occurs among the stakeholders. The particular project is implemented in order to receive support from various management teams so the procedure of implementation becomes easier. Conclusion It can be concluded from the entire assignment that the implementation of e-procurement software system within the victoria museum helps in resolving the challenges that generally occur due to the paper based manual system. The implementation of e-procurement system is mainly completed with the help of PRINCE2 methodology which helps in breaking the methodology into seven processes, which include start-up phase, initiation phase, directing phase, controlling phase, managing phase, implementation phase as well as closure phase. It is analyzed that this methodology assists in offering easy as well as effective methods that helps in managing the work of the project appropriately. Each of the processes is illustrated with proper input as well as output in order to achieve appropriate amount of success within the organization. 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The Role of Conflict in Project Management in the PRINCE2 Methodology.Ekonomika i Organizacja Przedsi?biorstwa, (6), pp.3-12. Marcelino-Sdaba, S., Prez-Ezcurdia, A., Lazcano, A.M.E. and Villanueva, P., 2014. Project risk management methodology for small firms.International Journal of Project Management,32(2), pp.327-340. Martinelli, R.J. and Milosevic, D.Z., 2016.Project management toolbox: tools and techniques for the practicing project manager. John Wiley Sons. Mir, F.A. and Pinnington, A.H., 2014. Exploring the value of project management: linking project management performance and project success.International Journal of Project Management,32(2), pp.202-217. Mir, F.A. and Pinnington, A.H., 2014. Exploring the value of project management: linking project management performance and project success.International Journal of Project Management,32(2), pp.202-217. Olson, D., 2014.Information systems project management. Business Expert Press. Saad, S., Abdullah, I., Asma, O., Muhammad Saad, K. and Abdul Qadir, A., 2013. PRINCE2 Methodology: An Innovative Way of Project Management. Sanjuan, A.G. and Froese, T., 2015. Principles, characteristics, and methodology to develop a project management assessment tool at the construction project level. Schwalbe, K., 2015.Information technology project management. Cengage Learning. Shields, P.M. and Rangarajan, N., 2013.A playbook for research methods: Integrating conceptual frameworks and project management. New Forums Press.